Seeds of South Australia
Capparis mitchellii (Capparaceae)
Native orange
List of species for Capparis
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Seed collecting:
January to December
Herbarium regions:
Lake Eyre, Flinders Ranges, Eastern
NRM region:
South Australian Arid Lands
IBRA regions
LEGEND
Northern Flinders (FLB05)Flinders Lofty Block
 Least Concern
Murnpeowie (STP03)Stony Plains
 Least Concern   [edge of range]
Sturt Stony Desert (CHC02)Channel Country
 Least Concern
Coongie (CHC06) 
 Least Concern
Lake Pure (CHC07) 
 Least Concern
RSCA map:
Regional Species Conservation Assessments per IBRA subregion. Please click the thumbnail map.
AVH map:
Australian distribution map (external link)
SA Census:
Census of South Australian plants (external link)     [genus Capparis]
Name derivation:
 Capparis from the Greek 'kapparis' meaning originating in the near or Middle East. Mitchellii named in honour of Major Sir Thomas Mitchell (1792 - 1855), a scottish surveyor and explorer of south-eastern Australia.
Distribution:
 Found in the north-eastern arid region of South Australia. Also found in the Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales.
Status:
 Native. Rare in South Australia. Rare in Western Australia. Common in the other states.
Plant description:
 Small dense bushy tree growing to 10 m tall with dull green, thick, hairy leaves and long spines on juvenile stems. Flowers large cream to pale yellow with numerous and obvious stamens. Flowering possibly all year round.
Fruit type:
 A large round green fruit, turning brown when matured, with yellow flesh inside.
Seed type:
 Large pale brown semi-flat seeds to 10 mm long and 7 mm wide.
Embryo type:
 Peripheral.
Seed collecting:
 Collect mature fruits usually when the flesh inside is bright yellow and the seeds are hard and brown.
Seed cleaning:
 Soak the hard fruit in water and leave until soft. Then break open the fruits and wash the content in water. Drain the liquid leaving behind the seeds. Place the wet seeds onto paper towels and leave to dry. Store the seeds with a desiccant such as dried silica beads or dry rice, in an air tight container in a cool and dry place.
Seed viability:
 From one collection, the seed viability is high, at 80%.
Seeds stored:
LocationNo. of seeds
(weight grams)		Number
of plants		Date
collected		Collection number
Collection location		Date
stored		% ViabilityStorage
temperature
BGA 
MSB		270 (39.4 g)
1100 (155.71 g)		50+11-Jan-2006DJD240
Flinders Ranges		28-Jul-200680%-18°C
DJD2401-Jan-2012-18°C
Location: BGA — the seeds are stored at the Adelaide Botanic Gardens, MSB — the seeds are stored at the Millennium Seed Bank, Kew, England.
Number of plants: This is the number of plants from which the seeds were collected.
Collection location: The Herbarium of South Australia's region name.
% Viability: Percentage of filled healthy seeds determined by a cut test or x-ray.
Germination table:
DateResultT0T50Pre-treatment | Germination medium | Incubator: Photoperiod / Thermoperiod
March 200639%9dNA Seeds received no pre-treatment. Seeds plated onto wet filter paper over wettex sponge, irrigated with 5g/L Mancozeb fungicide and incubated at 10°C (12hr) followed by 22°C (12hr) with 12hr light and 12hr dark.
Stored
March 200639%24dNA Seeds received no pre-treatment. Seeds plated onto wet filter paper over wettex sponge, irrigated with water and incubated at 10°C (12hr) followed by 22°C (12hr) with 12hr light and 12hr dark.
Stored
March 200632%16dNA Seeds received no pre-treatment. Seeds plated onto wet filter paper over wettex sponge, irrigated with 5g/L Mancozeb fungicide and incubated at constant temperature of 20°C with 12hr light and 12hr dark.
Stored
March 200626%16dNA Seeds received no pre-treatment. Seeds plated onto wet filter paper over wettex sponge, irrigated with water and incubated at constant temperature of 20°C with 12hr light and 12hr dark.
Stored
Result: Maximum percentage of germination observed.
T0: Number of days before first germinant observed.
T50: Number of days to achieve 50% germination.
Pre-treatment: The initial treatment that the seeds received prior to placement on germination media.
Germination medium: The substrate that seeds were placed on for the duration of the germination experiment.
Incubator conditions:
Photoperiod: The duration of light exposure that the seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Thermoperiod: The constant or diurnal temperatures that seeds were subject to during a 24 hour period.
Winter conditions: 15°C 20 h (3am→11pm); 5°C 4 h (11pm→3am) / 10 h light (8am→6pm); 14 h dark (6pm→8am)
Spring/Autumn conditions: 22°C 12 h (8am→8pm); 10°C 12 h (8pm→8am) / 12 h light (8am→8pm); 12 h dark (8pm→8am)
Summer conditions: 30°C 14 h (6am→8pm); 15°C 10 h (8pm→6am) / 14 h light (6am→8pm); 10 h dark (8pm→6am)